#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cctype>

using namespace std;

// The maximum number of rows we can read.
const int MAX_ROWS = 20;

// The maximum number of columns we can read + 1 for the 
// \0 c-string terminator.
const int MAX_COLS = 100 + 1;

int main()
{

  cout << endl << "Write a file called a.txt" << endl << endl;
  ofstream out("a.txt");
  out << "hello, this is line 1." << endl;
  out << "and now I welcome you to line 2." << endl;
  out << "but any good file will have three lines." << endl;
  out.close();

  
  // read the file into buf
  char buf[20][100];
  ifstream in("a.txt");
  int lineNum = 0;

  while (in.getline(buf[lineNum],100)) {
    lineNum++;
    if (lineNum == MAX_ROWS) {
	break;
    }
  }

  cout << "Print row at a time\n-------------------\n";
  for (int i=0; i < lineNum; i++) {
    cout << buf[i] << endl;
  }
  cout << endl;

  cout << "Print row at a time, character at a time\n" 
       << "----------------------------------------\n";

  for (int i=0; i < lineNum; i++) {

    int stringLength = strlen(buf[i]);
    
    for (int j=0;j<stringLength; j++) {
      cout << buf[i][j];
    }
    cout << endl;
  }
  
  cout << endl;
}